For our new friends:

Every app needs authentication and authorization. Logto is an Auth0 alternative designed for modern apps and SaaS products.

In this article, we will go through the steps to quickly build the Azure AD sign-in experience (user authentication) with Flutter and  Logto.

Prerequisites

• A running Logto instance. Check out the introduction page to get started.
• Basic knowledge of Flutter.
• A usable Azure AD account.

Create an application in Logto

In you browser, open a new tab and enter the link of Logto Admin Console.

Once the page is loaded, in the "Get Started" section click the View all link to open the application framework list page.

Choose your application type

In the opening modal, scroll to the "Native app" section or filter all the available " Native app" frameworks using the quick filter checkboxes on the left.

Click the "Flutter" framework card to start creating your application.

Enter application name

Enter the application name, e.g., "Bookstore," and click "Create application."

🎉 Ta-da! You just created your first application in Logto. You'll see a congrats page which includes a detailed integration guide. Follow the guide to see what the experience will be in your application.

Integrate Logto SDK

tip:

• The SDK package is available on pub.dev and Logto GitHub repository.
• The sample project is built using Flutter material. You can find it on pub.dev and our GitHub repository.
• The SDK is compatible with Android, and iOS platforms only.
• The SDK v1.x is compatible with Dart 2.x. For SDK v2.x, you need to update your Dart version to 3.x or higher.

Installation

pub.dev

You can install the logto_dart_sdk package directly using the pub package manager. Run the following command under your project root:

flutter pub get logto_dart_sdk

GitHub

If you prefer to fork your own version of the SDK, you can clone the repository directly from GitHub.

git clone https://github.com/logto-io/dart

Modules

The logto_dart_sdk includes two main modules:

• logto_core.dart This core module provides the basic functions and interfaces for the Logto SDK.

• logto_client.dart This client module offers a high-level Logto client class for interacting with the Logto server.

Dependency and configurations

Dependency and configurations

This SDK has the following dependencies, some require additional configurations:

flutter_secure_storage

We use flutter_secure_storage to implement the cross-platform persistent secure token storage.

• Keychain is used for iOS
• AES encryption is used for Android.

Config Android version

Set the android:minSdkVersion to 18 in your project's android/app/build.gradle file.

build.gradle

  android {
      ...

      defaultConfig {
          ...
          minSdkVersion 18
          ...
      }
  }

Disable autobackup

By default Android may backup data on Google Drive automatically. It can cause exception java.security.InvalidKeyException:Failed to unwrap key.

To avoid this, you can disable auto backup for your app or exclude sharedprefs from the FlutterSecureStorage.

1. To disable auto backup, go to your app manifest file and set the android:allowBackup and android:fullBackupContent attributes to false.

   AndroidManifest.xml

   <manifest ... >
       ...
       <application
         android:allowBackup="false"
         android:fullBackupContent="false"
         ...
       >
           ...
       </application>
   </manifest>
   

2. Exclude sharedprefs from FlutterSecureStorage.

   If you need to keep the android:fullBackupContent for your app rather than disabling it, you can exclude the sharedprefs directory from the backup. See more details in the Android documentation.

   In your AndroidManifest.xml file, add the android:fullBackupContent attribute to the <application> element, as shown in the following example. This attribute points to an XML file that contains backup rules.

   AndroidManifest.xml

   <application ...
     android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules">
   </application>

   Create an XML file called @xml/backup_rules in the res/xml/ directory. In this file, add rules with the <include> and <exclude> elements. The following sample backs up all shared preferences except device.xml:

   @xml/backup_rules

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
   <full-backup-content>
     <exclude domain="sharedpref" path="FlutterSecureStorage"/>
   </full-backup-content>

Please check flutter_secure_storage for more details.

flutter_web_auth

flutter_web_auth is used behind Logto's flutter SDK. We rely on its webview-based interaction interface to authenticate users.

note:

This plugin uses ASWebAuthenticationSession on iOS 12+ and macOS 10.15+, SFAuthenticationSession on iOS 11, Chrome Custom Tabs on Android and opens a new window on Web.

Register the callback url on Android

In order to capture the callback url from Logto's sign-in web page, you will need to register your sign-in redirectUri to your AndroidManifest.xml file.

AndroidManifest.xml

<activity android:name="com.linusu.flutter_web_auth.CallbackActivity" android:exported="true">
    <intent-filter android:label="flutter_web_auth">
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW"/>
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"/>
        <data android:scheme="io.logto"/>
    </intent-filter>
</activity>

http.dart

Since the SDK need to make network requests, you will need to pass in a HTTP client to the SDK. You can use the default http.Client from http.dart or create your own http.Client with custom configurations.

  import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;

Integration

Init LogtoClient

Import the logto_dart_sdk package and initialize the LogtoClient instance at the root of your application.

lib/main.dart

import 'package:logto_dart_sdk/logto_dart_sdk.dart';
import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;

void main() async {
  WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
  runApp(const MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return const MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      home: MyHomePage(title: 'Logto Demo Home Page'),
    );
  }
}

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyHomePage({Key? key, required this.title}) : super(key: key);
  final String title;

  @override
  State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  late LogtoClient logtoClient;

  void render() {
    // state change
  }

  // LogtoConfig
  final logtoConfig = const LogtoConfig(
    endpoint: "<your-logto-endpoint>",
    appId: "<your-app-id>"
  );

  void _init() {
    logtoClient = LogtoClient(
      config: logtoConfig,
      httpClient: http.Client(), // Optional http client
    );
    render();
  }

  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    _init();
  }

  // ...
}

Implement sign-in

Before we dive into the details, here's a quick overview of the end-user experience. The sign-in process can be simplified as follows:

1. Your app invokes the sign-in method.
2. The user is redirected to the Logto sign-in page. For native apps, the system browser is opened.
3. The user signs in and is redirected back to your app (configured as the redirect URI).

Regarding redirect-based sign-in

1. This authentication process follows the OpenID Connect (OIDC) protocol, and Logto enforces strict security measures to protect user sign-in.
2. If you have multiple apps, you can use the same identity provider (Logto). Once the user signs in to one app, Logto will automatically complete the sign-in process when the user accesses another app.

To learn more about the rationale and benefits of redirect-based sign-in, see Logto sign-in experience explained.

---

Before starting, you need to add a redirect URI in the Admin Console for your application.

Let's switch to the Application details page of Logto Console. Add a Redirect URI io.logto://callback and click "Save changes".

• For iOS, the redirect URI scheme does not really matter since the ASWebAuthenticationSession class will listen to the redirect URI regardless of if it's registered.
• For Android, the redirect URI scheme must be registered in the AndroidManifest.xml file.

After the redirect URI is configured, we add a sign-in button to your page, which will call logtoClient.signIn API to invoke the Logto sign-in flow:

lib/main.dart

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  // ...
  final redirectUri = 'io.logto://callback';

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    // ...

    Widget signInButton = TextButton(
      onPressed: () async {
        await logtoClient.signIn(redirectUri);
        render();
      },
      child: const Text('Sign In'),
    );

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            SelectableText('My Demo App'),
            signInButton,
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

Implement sign-out

Now let's add a sign-out button on the main page so users can sign out from your application.

lib/main.dart

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  // ...

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    // ...

    Widget signOutButton = TextButton(
      onPressed: () async {
        await logtoClient.signOut();
        render();
      },
      child: const Text('Sign Out'),
    );

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            SelectableText('My Demo App'),
            signInButton,
            signOutButton,
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

Handle authentication status

Logto SDK provides an asynchronous method to check the authentication status. The method is logtoClient.isAuthenticated. The method returns a boolean value, true if the user is authenticated, otherwise false.

In the example we conditionally render the sign-in and sign-out buttons based on the authentication status. Now let's update the render method in our Widget to handle the state change:

lib/main.dart

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
  // ...
  bool? isAuthenticated = false;

  void render() {
    setState(() async {
      isAuthenticated = await logtoClient.isAuthenticated;
    });
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    // ...

    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            SelectableText('My Demo App'),
            isAuthenticated == true ? signOutButton : signInButton,
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

Checkpoint: Test your application

Now, you can test your application:

1. Run your application, you will see the sign-in button.
2. Click the sign-in button, the SDK will init the sign-in process and redirect you to the Logto sign-in page.
3. After you signed in, you will be redirected back to your application and see the sign-out button.
4. Click the sign-out button to clear local storage and sign out.

Add Azure AD connector

To add a social connector, go to the "Connector" tab in the Admin Console, then click on "Social connectors". From there, click "Add social connector".

In the openning modal, select "Azure AD" and click "Next".

On the next page, you will see a two-column layout with the README content on the left and configuration on the right.

Feel free to follow the README file in place or read the following section to complete the configuration process. If you follow the in-place guide, you can skip the next section.

Set up Azure AD

Set up Azure AD in the Azure Portal

• Visit the Azure Portal and sign in with your Azure account. You need to have an active subscription to access Azure AD.
• Click the Azure Active Directory from the services they offer, and click the App Registrations from the left menu.
• Click New Registration at the top and enter a description, select your access type and add your Redirect URI, which redirect the user to the application after logging in. In our case, this will be ${your_logto_origin}/callback/${connector_id}. e.g. https://logto.dev/callback/${connector_id}. You need to select Web as Platform. The connector_id can be found on the top bar of the Logto Admin Console connector details page.
• If you select Single Tenant for access type then you need to enter TenantID, else you need to enter common as Tenant ID.

Configure your client secret

• In your newly created project, click the Certificates & Secrets to get a client secret, and click the New client secret from the top.
• Enter a description and an expiration.
• This will only show your client secret once. Save the value to a secure location.

Compose the connector JSON

• Add your App Registration's Client ID into logto json.
• Add your Client Secret into logto json.
• Add your App Registration's Tenant ID into logto json.
• Add your Microsoft Login Url into logto json. This defaults to "https://login.microsoftonline.com/" for many applications, but you can set your custom domain if you have one. (Don't forget the trailing slash)

{
  "clientId": "<client-id>",
  "clientSecret": "<client-secret>",
  "tenantId": "<tenant-id>", // use "common" if you did't select **Single Tenant**
  "cloudInstance": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/",
}

Config types

Name	Type
clientId	string
clientSecret	string
tenantId	string
cloudInstance	string

References

Web app that signs in users

Save your configuration

Double check you have filled out necessary values in the Logto connector configuration area. Click "Save and Done" (or "Save changes") and the Azure AD connector should be available now.

Enable Azure AD connector in Sign-in Experience

Switch to the "Sign-in experience" tab, then click the "Sign-up and sign-in" tab.

note:

If it's the first time you enter the tab, you will see a quick introduction about Sign-in Experience and its basic configuration.

Select "None" for the "Sign-up identifier" to provide minimum sign-up effort for Azure AD sign-in, which may increase your conversion rate.

In the "Social sign-in" section, add "Add Social Connector" and choose "Azure AD". Then you should be able to see a button with text "Continue with Azure AD" in the preview section.

Finally, click "Save changes" on the bottom right corner.

Testing and Validation

Return to your Flutter app. You should now be able to sign in with Azure AD. Enjoy!

Further readings

Protect your API For native and single page apps, you'll need to call one or more API endpoints to retrieve and update data.
Learn more about identifying who's who and keeping your API secure.

User management We know you care about user management and activities, as we also do.
Learn more about how to know your users and see the figures like DAU and MAU graphically.

Localization From one regional business to a global corporate, the willingness to offer the best user experience won't change.
You can change current language phrases or add a new language without friction.

Customer IAM series Our serial blog posts about Customer (or Consumer) Identity and Access Management, from 101 to advanced topics and beyond.