For our new friends

Every app needs authentication and authorization. Logto is an Auth0 alternative designed for modern apps and SaaS products.

In this article, we will go through the steps to quickly build the AWS SES sign-in experience (user authentication) with Python and  Logto.

Prerequisites

• A running Logto instance. Check out the get started page if you don't have one.
• Basic knowledge of Python.
• A usable AWS SES account.

Create an application in Logto

In you browser, open a new tab and enter the link of Logto Admin Console.

Once the page is loaded, in the "Get Started" section click the View all link to open the application framework list page.

Choose your application type

In the opening modal, scroll to the "Traditional web" section or filter all the available " Traditional web" frameworks using the quick filter checkboxes on the left.

Click the "Flask" framework card to start creating your application.

Enter application name

Enter the application name, e.g., "Bookstore," and click "Create application."

🎉 Ta-da! You just created your first application in Logto. You'll see a congrats page which includes a detailed integration guide. Follow the guide to see what the experience will be in your application.

Integrate Logto SDK

tip

• The example uses Flask, but the concepts are the same for other frameworks.
• The Python sample project is available on our Python SDK repo.
• Logto SDK leverages coroutines, remember to use await when calling async functions.

Installation

Execute in the project root directory:

pip install logto # or `poetry add logto` or whatever you use

Init LogtoClient

First, create a Logto config:

client.py

from logto import LogtoClient, LogtoConfig

client = LogtoClient(
    LogtoConfig(
        endpoint="https://you-logto-endpoint.app",  # Replace with your Logto endpoint
        appId="replace-with-your-app-id",
        appSecret="replace-with-your-app-secret",
    ),
)

tip

You can find and copy "App Secret" from application details page in Admin Console:

Also replace the default memory storage with a persistent storage, for example:

client.py

from logto import LogtoClient, LogtoConfig, Storage
from flask import session
from typing import Union

class SessionStorage(Storage):
    def get(self, key: str) -> Union[str, None]:
        return session.get(key, None)

    def set(self, key: str, value: Union[str, None]) -> None:
        session[key] = value

    def delete(self, key: str) -> None:
        session.pop(key, None)

client = LogtoClient(
    LogtoConfig(...),
    storage=SessionStorage(),
)

See Storage for more details.

Implement sign-in and sign-out

In your web application, add a route to properly handle the sign-in request from users. Let's use /sign-in as an example:

flask.py

@app.route("/sign-in")
async def sign_in():
    # Get the sign-in URL and redirect the user to it
    return redirect(await client.signIn(
        redirectUri="http://localhost:3000/callback",
    ))

Replace http://localhost:3000/callback with the callback URL you set in your Logto Console for this application.

If you want to show the sign-up page on the first screen, you can set interactionMode to signUp:

flask.py

@app.route("/sign-in")
async def sign_in():
    return redirect(await client.signIn(
        redirectUri="http://localhost:3000/callback",
        interactionMode="signUp", # Show the sign-up page on the first screen
    ))

Now, whenever your users visit http://localhost:3000/sign-in, it will start a new sign-in attempt and redirect the user to the Logto sign-in page.

Note Creating a sign-in route isn't the only way to start a sign-in attempt. You can always use the signIn method to get the sign-in URL and redirect the user to it.

After the user makes a signing-out request, Logto will clear all user authentication information in the session.

To clean up the Python session and Logto session, a sign-out route can be implemented as follows:

flask.py

@app.route("/sign-out")
async def sign_out():
    return redirect(
        # Redirect the user to the home page after a successful sign-out
        await client.signOut(postLogoutRedirectUri="http://localhost:3000/")
    )

Handle authentication status

In Logto SDK, we can use client.isAuthenticated() to check the authentication status, if the user is signed in, the value will be true, otherwise, the value will be false.

Here we also implement a simple home page for demonstration:

• If the user is not signed in, show a sign-in button;
• If the user is signed in, show a sign-out button.

@app.route("/")
async def home():
    if client.isAuthenticated() is False:
        return "Not authenticated <a href='/sign-in'>Sign in</a>"
    return "Authenticated <a href='/sign-out'>Sign out</a>"

Test your integration

Open your Python app to test if the integration works. When you click the "Sign In" button, the page should be redirected to a Logto sign-in page, and you should be able to create a new account by entering username and password and complete the sign-in process.

Add AWS SES connector

To add or change Email connector, go to the "Connector" tab in the Admin Console, then click on "Email and SMS connectors". From there, click "Set up" or go to detail page and click "Change Email connector".

In the openning modal, select "AWS SES" and click "Next".

On the next page, you will see a two-column layout with the README content on the left and configuration on the right.

Feel free to follow the README file in place or read the following section to complete the configuration process. If you follow the in-place guide, you can skip the next section.

Set up AWS SES email connector

Configure a mail service in the AWS service console

Amazon SES is a cloud email service provider that can integrate into any application for bulk email sending.

Logto core calls the Amazon Simple Email Service APIs via this connector, with the help of which Logto end-users can register and sign in to their Logto account via email verification code.

💡 Tip

You can skip some sections if you have already finished.

Register AWS account

Go to AWS and register an account.

Create a identity

• Go to Amazon Simple Email Service Console
• Create an identity, choose one of the following options
  • Create a domain
  • Create an email address

Configuration of the connector

1. Click your username in the upper right corner of the Amazon console to enter Security Credentials. If you don't have one, create an AccessKey and save it carefully.
2. Complete the settings of the Amazon Simple Email Service connector:
   • Use the AccessKey ID and AccessKey Secret obtained in step 1 to fill in accessKeyId and accessKeySecret respectively.
   • region: Fill in the region field with the region of the identity you use to send mail.
   • emailAddress: The email address you use to send mail, in the format of Logto<[email protected]> or <[email protected]>

the following parameters are optional; parameters description can be found in the AWS SES API documentation.

• feedbackForwardingEmailAddress
• feedbackForwardingEmailAddressIdentityArn
• configurationSetName

Test the Amazon SES connector

You can type in an email address and click on "Send" to see whether the settings work before "Save and Done".

That's it. Don't forget to enable connector in sign-in experience.

Configure types

Name	Type
accessKeyId	string
accessKeySecret	string
region	string
emailAddress	string (OPTIONAL)
emailAddressIdentityArn	string (OPTIONAL)
feedbackForwardingEmailAddress	string (OPTIONAL)
feedbackForwardingEmailAddressIdentityArn	string (OPTIONAL)
configurationSetName	string (OPTIONAL)
templates	Template[]

Template Properties	Type	Enum values
subject	string	N/A
content	string	N/A
usageType	enum string	'Register' | 'SignIn' | 'ForgotPassword' | 'Generic'

Save your configuration

Double check you have filled out necessary values in the Logto connector configuration area. Click "Save and Done" (or "Save changes") and the AWS SES connector should be available now.

Enable AWS SES connector in Sign-in Experience

Switch to the "Sign-in experience" tab, then click the "Sign-up and sign-in" tab.

note

If it's the first time you enter the tab, you will see a quick introduction about Sign-in Experience and its basic configuration.

Select "Email address" or "Email address or phone number" for the "Sign-up identifier" to provide sign-up for Email passwordless sign-in, which may increase your conversion rate.

Finally, click "Save changes" on the bottom right corner.

Testing and Validation

Return to your Python app. You should now be able to sign in with AWS SES. Enjoy!

Further readings

⚔️ Protect your API For native and single page apps, you'll need to call one or more API endpoints to retrieve and update data.
Learn more about identifying who's who and keeping your API secure.

🧑‍🚀 Manage users We know you care about user management and activities, as we also do.
Learn more about how to know your users and see the figures like DAU and MAU graphically.

🌐 Localization From one regional business to a global corporate, the willingness to offer the best user experience won't change.
You can change current language phrases or add a new language without friction.

🧑‍🎓 Customer IAM series Our serial blog posts about Customer (or Consumer) Identity and Access Management, from 101 to advanced topics and beyond.